Science is so advanced, we almost reach the point of understanding most of the questions we have asked for centuries. The international communities of the different sciences frequently collaborate for an integrated research.
A crucial factor in order to develop global investigations is the communication among scientists: a meticulous interchange of information. Just imagine what a tiny mistake in a chemical formula could represent. It is then fundamental that all translations are made with extreme accuracy.
In the scientific sphere, English tends to be the universal language. However, it shall not be taken for granted that everyone is fluent and translating documents into maternal language for a better understanding is highly advisable (and frequently applied).
Additionally, in terms of translating scientific and technical literature, it is necessary to mention the strictly developed phraseology adopted in this field. This phraseology is used in order to ensure that professionals immediately notice the necessary details (information or a guide to an action). Any deviations from the language adopted among specialists in the field are immediately noticed, resulting in a sense of unprofessionalism on the translator’s part.
"Well-established documentation language" refers to the use of the same words and expressions, not only in terminology but also in the spheres of general technical and everyday language, a certain type of semi-professional jargon. Replacing these expressions with synonyms is unacceptable.
Moreover, the specific character of translating scientific texts is that a misperception of the meaning of the text by the translator and / or incorrect use of terminology can lead to a complete distortion of the meaning in the translated material. Such shortcomings can be found in texts translated by someone who has not completely understood what the text was about or was not familiar with the terminology used in it.
A technical or scientific text involves the use of specific terminology, thus focusing on denotation rather than connotation. Technical and scientific terminology is not influenced by phenomena related to the natural development of languages, but changes only according to progress and new technologies, i.e. it is updated by appropriate regulatory bodies.
The skills of a scientific translator
The complexity of scientific translation lies in its very essence, it lies in the necessity to translate highly specific terminology. The technical nature of the project requires extreme vigilance. The quality of the end result all depends on the experience of the dedicated translator, their linguistic precision and the processes they implement.
A good translation is also important for scientific divulgation. More than time-saving for editors of specialized magazines, a well-done work guarantees an error-free article from the start.
Here it gets complicated: though much scientific and technical material strives for a tone of total objectivity, this is never really true in journal articles.
So, it is not only a matter of performing an excellent to the letter translation. The translator needs to know when to be only precise (and that means avoiding cultural appropriations, for example) and when it is necessary to combine precision with social background for a better communication with the audience.
Scientific translation requires a deep understanding of the language and scientific contexts. What should the translator do to avoid mistakes?
- Do a research on the subject.
- Get help from a professional (scientists/scholars).
- Focus only in a few areas and get a degree at a definite discipline.
- Ask any doubt concerning the original text.
Professional technical translators need to seriously consider these aspects and vary their approach.
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